Durham Castle

About:

Durham Castle is a remarkable example of Norman military architecture and one of the city’s most historic landmarks. Built in the 11th century under the orders of William the Conqueror, the castle was intended to fortify Norman rule in the turbulent north of England and to serve as a residence for the powerful Prince-Bishops of Durham. These bishops held both religious and political authority, effectively governing the region on behalf of the monarch, and the castle reflected their unique status with its blend of defensive and palatial features.

Perched on a strategic peninsula above the River Wear, opposite Durham Cathedral, the castle forms part of the city’s UNESCO World Heritage Site. Over the centuries, it evolved from a fortress into a grand residence, with later additions including a Norman chapel, a medieval great hall, and a Jacobean staircase. The keep, heavily restored in the 19th century, dominates the skyline and offers commanding views over the city.

Today, Durham Castle serves a dual role as both a heritage site and a living institution—it has been home to University College, the founding college of Durham University, since 1837. Students still live and dine in the castle, making it one of the few inhabited castles in the country. Visitors can explore the castle on guided tours, which reveal its richly decorated halls, centuries-old chapels, and stories of political intrigue, royal visits, and academic life.

Durham Castle’s layered history—from a symbol of Norman dominance to a vibrant part of university life—makes it a unique destination. Its walls have witnessed nearly a thousand years of transformation, standing as a testament to the region’s enduring importance and the rich tapestry of English history. Whether you come for its architecture, history, or living legacy, Durham Castle never fails to captivate.